This glossary provides definitions and explanations for key terms and concepts in Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy. Understanding these terms is crucial for grasping Nietzsche's ideas and their implications for the path to becoming the Übermensch.
Übermensch
Translated as "Overman" or "Superman," this concept represents Nietzsche's ideal of human potential fully realized. The Übermensch is an individual who has transcended societal constraints, overcome personal limitations, and become a creator of values.
Will to Power
A central concept in Nietzsche's philosophy, the will to power is the driving force behind all human behavior. It represents the innate desire to grow, create, and overcome obstacles, rather than merely survive.
Eternal Recurrence
A thought experiment proposed by Nietzsche, suggesting that one should live as if every moment of one's life were to repeat eternally. This concept encourages embracing life fully and making choices one would be willing to relive infinitely.
Amor Fati
Latin for "love of fate," this concept encourages embracing all aspects of life, including suffering and misfortune, as necessary and potentially beneficial. It's about accepting and even loving one's destiny.
Master-Slave Morality
Nietzsche's critique of traditional morality, distinguishing between "master morality" (based on strength, nobility, and self-affirmation) and "slave morality" (based on resentment, humility, and self-denial).
God is Dead
A famous declaration by Nietzsche, signifying the end of traditional religious and moral systems as sources of absolute meaning and value. It challenges individuals to create their own values and find meaning in a world without divine guidance.
Perspectivism
The philosophical view that all ideations take place from particular perspectives. Nietzsche argued that there are no objective facts, only interpretations shaped by individual perspectives and experiences.
Ressentiment
A psychological state of repressed envy and hatred that Nietzsche saw as the foundation of slave morality. It involves redirecting one's feelings of inferiority and weakness into a moral system that condemns those who are strong and successful.
Apollonian and Dionysian
Two contrasting but complementary elements of Greek culture and human nature. The Apollonian represents order, reason, and individuation, while the Dionysian represents chaos, emotion, and unity.
Genealogy of Morals
Nietzsche's method of historical critique, examining the origins and evolution of moral concepts to reveal their cultural and psychological roots, rather than accepting them as absolute or divinely ordained.